Melasma (चाया / पोतो)
A huge burden, especially in a life of a female is MELASMA. An asymptomatic blackish patch occurs over the cheeks, forehead and or chin area resulting in very low self-confidence and low quality of life. What are the causes of melasma? People often quote it to internal diseases, which is not correct. It predominantly occurs due to Ultraviolet-A (UV-A) light, a component of direct or indirect sunlight. UV-A is also contained in the bright light coming inside of the glass pane in the house. More than 95% of the disease is caused by the UV-A. Hence, protection from sunlight is absolutely needed. Genetic association, pregnancy, contraceptive methods, toxic chemical products, various medications and cosmetics can be other causes.
One of the principal international research in the field of melasma relating the use of oral tranexamic acid was performed in Nepal and was published by Dr. Dharmendra Karn. The landmark paper has numerous international citations and has received many awards.
There are topical and oral treatment options for melasma. Chemical peeling, microdermabrasion, LASERS are other treatment options. A permanent cure of melasma is sure if strict sun protection measures and appropriate treatment measures are achieved in time.