Eczema

Eczema is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that causes dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. It tends to flare up periodically and is often triggered by irritants, allergens, or emotional stress.

Causes & Risk Factors

Eczema is not contagious, but several factors contribute to its development:

• Genetics (family history of eczema, asthma, or allergies)
• Overactive immune response
• Skin barrier dysfunction
• Environmental factors (e.g., pollution, climate)
• Allergens (dust mites, pet dander, certain foods)

Common Triggers

• Fragranced soaps, shampoos, and detergents
• Wool or synthetic fabrics
• Heat and sweating
• Stress and anxiety
• Food allergens (dairy, eggs, nuts)
• Dust or mold exposure

Types of Eczema

1. Atopic Dermatitis – Most common type, often starts in childhood
2. Contact Dermatitis – Triggered by contact with irritants or allergens
3. Dyshidrotic Eczema – Small, itchy blisters on hands and feet
4. Nummular Eczema – Coin-shaped itchy patches
5. Seborrheic Dermatitis – Flaky, greasy areas (usually scalp, nose, ears)

Symptoms

• Red, dry, scaly patches
• Intense itching, often worse at night
• Thickened skin due to chronic scratching
• Oozing or crusting in more severe cases

Eczema Treatments at Cutis Care

Topical Treatments

• Moisturizers – Thick, fragrance-free emollients (applied 2–3 times daily)
• Topical Steroids – For flare-ups (e.g., hydrocortisone, mometasone)
• Calcineurin Inhibitors – Suitable for delicate areas (e.g., tacrolimus, pimecrolimus)

Medical Treatments

• Oral Antihistamines – To reduce itching
• Oral Steroids – Short-term use for severe flares
• Immunomodulators – Such as Dupilumab for chronic, resistant eczema

Other Therapies

• Phototherapy – Narrowband UVB light for resistant cases
• Wet Wrap Therapy – Enhances medication absorption and hydration

Daily Care & Prevention Tips

• Use lukewarm water for bathing
• Moisturize within 3 minutes of bathing (“soak and seal” method)
• Wear breathable cotton clothing
• Choose mild, fragrance-free soaps and detergents
• Avoid scratching – keep nails trimmed and use distraction techniques